Mongol swords used once for invasions
Mongol swords used once for invasions








The Mongol Interlude in Chinese History
MI: Mongol leader Kubilai Khan took an interest in the Chinese and would either discourage or incorporate Chinese styles into mongol society during the Yuan era.
  • Kubilai Khan was grandsons of Chinggis Khan who lead sieges into Chinese cities and became great khan in 1260
  • laws created by Kubilai Khan was either to separate the Chinese from the Mongols - discouraged friendship, marriage, leanings
  • Tatu, capital city; Kubilai surrounded himself with Chinese scholars and advisers => social class where mongols were at top and below them was the Chinese bureaucracy
Gender roles and the Convergence of Mongol and Chinese culture
MI: Mongol women would still be against the idea of adapting to Chinese ideas.
  • refused to ideas such as foot binding, and limited freedom
  • Mongol women still had to freedom in the house hold and to hunt; ex. Kubilai cousin refused to marry a man chosen for her
  • Chabi - wife of Kubilai Khan was a powerful political figure that promoted Buddhist, went against harsh treatment to the Chinese, respect for Chinese culture
Mongol Tolerance for Foreign Cultural Influence
MI: Mongols leaders had this continuous curiosity for scholars and advisers that united all civilizations with their ideas. strong interest for religions
  • Muslims designed better tax system, doctors ran imperial hospitals, Persian astronomers on outer space.
  • Travelers were open to the of the Mongols => Marco Polo who traveled east during the 13th century where he stayed for 17 years
  • Marco Polo's travels and his experiences that was spread back into Europe influence people such as Columbus in finding new land; spark of curiosity
Social Policies and Scholar-Gentry Resistance
MI: Mongol conquest in the Chinese area, cause the merchant and artisan class to increase while the scholar-gentry class to decrease.
  • Chinese scholar gentry saw Mongol rulings wrong and it was shown that Mongols continue to alienate the Scholar Gentry class
  • during invasions in the Chinese land, artisans and merchants were usually the one spared
  • intellectual life was increasing with The Romance of West Camber a play written during the Yuan period
  • laws created to the lower class was meant to benefit the people; went against upper class of the Chinese
The Fall of the house of Yuan
MI: With the death of Kubilai's close ones, it cause empire to slowly crumble.
  • loyalists were revoltings, hostility became popular, expansions became a failure
  • no actually successor for the country, where foreign trustee was only used by coruption
  • White Lotus society - a secret society where its purpose was to overthrow the dynasty; leaders claim to have secret powers
  • man for the poor came up to rule the next dynasty; Ming Dynasty
Aftershock: The Brief Ride of Timur
MI: Timur-i Lang was a turkish nomadic leader who expanded land in mid - EuroAsia except his expansion did not benefit he conquered.
  • leader had intellectual values were he enjoyed fine arts and architecture
  • also he was stated to be a ruthless leader who can kill in large amounts
  • in his campaigns he main pyramids with skulls of head from people he kill and slaughter the people in Delhi except his did spared the artisans